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A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a reference to a web resource that specifies its location on a network. A more general category is named Uniform Resource Identifier (URI).
URI = scheme:[//authority]path[?query][#fragement]
authority = [userinfo@]host[:port]
https://www.google.com has path www.google.com with a scheme https.https://foo:bar@www.example.com/?foo=bar has path www.example.com, query foo=bar, authority foo:bar and scheme https.Another way to look URL:
| Category | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Domain Name | The registered identification string used by the Domain name System(DNS) to define a website location. It is the second last labeled part in a fully qualified domain name(FQDN) |
apple.com, google.com, wikipedia.org |
| Top Level Domain(TLD) | last labeled part in a FQDN | .com, .net, .org |
| Subdomain | A relative dependence and representing part of a higher level domain. For example, Domain Name is a subdomain for TLD. |
www.apple.com, www.google.com, www.wikipedia.org |
| Protocol | The standard used for data transfer between the host and the client | FTP, DNS, DHCP, HTTP/HTTPS, SMTP |
| Path/File | The exact location of a page or other asset | https://rmaxiqp.github.io/2019/11/05/DNS, https://rmaxiqp.github.io/2019/10/24/URL |
| HTML Anchors | Website bookmarks and internal page navigation elements | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL#Syntax |
| Parameters | Key/value pairs at the end of the URL begin with a ? and separated by an & |
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=wiki, https://www.google.com/search?q=hello&oq=hello |
Resource: